Which tests assess the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

• A. TFCC load test, TFCC press test
• B. TFCC traction test, TFCC rotation test
• C. TFCC distraction test, TFCC flexion test
• D. TFCC extension test, TFCC abduction test

Answer: (A)

Testing the TFCC hinges on stressing the ulno-carpal complex with axial loading of the wrist. The TFCC load test achieves this by applying compression along the forearm through the ulna to the ulnocarpal joint, which tends to reproduce pain when the TFCC is injured. The TFCC press test does a similar job by having the patient press through the palm with the wrist extended, further compressing the TFCC and eliciting symptoms if there’s a tear. These loading maneuvers specifically target the TFCC, making them the most direct way to assess its integrity. The other proposed maneuvers—traction, rotation, distraction, or moving the wrist through flexion, extension, or abduction—tend to stress other structures or aren’t as focused on the TFCC, so they’re less specific for detecting TFCC pathology.