What is the normal carrying angle range for females?

• A. 5° to 10°
• B. 10° to 15°
• C. 0° to 5°
• D. 15° to 20°

Answer: (D)

The carrying angle is the valgus angle formed at the elbow when the arm is extended and the forearm is supinated; it reflects the natural alignment between the humerus and ulna. In females, this angle tends to be larger than in males because of anatomical differences such as pelvic width and overall limb alignment. The typical normal range for females is about 15 to 20 degrees of valgus, which is why this option is the best choice. Values outside this range can indicate cubitus valgus if they’re greater than about 20 degrees or cubitus varus if they’re markedly reduced. To measure it, place the person’s arm in full extension with the forearm supinated and use a goniometer to assess the angle between the axis of the humerus and the axis of the ulna.