What is the end feel for Shoulder Internal (Medial) Rotation?

• A. HARD end feel
• B. FIRM end feel
• C. SOFT end feel
• D. N/A end feel

Answer: (B)

Internal rotation of the shoulder is stopped by the stretch of capsuloligamentous structures and the tension in the subscapularis. As you reach the end of the normal range, the posterior capsule and associated ligaments become taut, producing a firm, gradual stop rather than a soft compression or a hard bony end. This “leathery” resistance is the hallmark of a firm end feel for this motion. A hard end feel would suggest bone-on-bone contact, while a soft end feel indicates tissue bulk or edema giving way, which isn’t typical for pure glenohumeral internal rotation. An N/A end feel isn’t appropriate for assessing this motion when a normal end range is obtainable.