A surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus.

• A. Colostomy
• B. Gastrectomy
• C. Fecalith
• D. Exocrine

Answer: (A)

Creating a stoma by bringing a portion of the colon to the abdominal surface is called a colostomy. This surgical opening allows stool to exit the body through an external opening, effectively acting as an anus when the rectum or anal canal isn’t functioning or has been removed. Colostomies are performed for conditions like colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, or trauma, and the output depends on which part of the colon is used.

The other terms don’t describe a procedure. A gastrectomy is the removal of the stomach, not an opening from the colon to the surface. A fecalith is a hard mass of stool, not a surgical operation. Exocrine refers to glands that secrete substances, such as digestive enzymes, and is unrelated to creating a stoma.